аЯрЁБс>ўџ 57ўџџџ4џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅС5@ №П0?bjbjЯ2Я2 (&­X­X? џџџџџџˆzzzzzzzŽіііі4* ŽKђBBBBBBBBЪЬЬЬЬЬЬ$=R №z|BB||№zzBBррр|.zBzBЪр|Ър*р zz B6  єЄю‘4ЩіЊ ž,0K  Д" ŽŽzzzz z ”BZœ@рм4lBBB№№ŽŽФRЄж ŽŽRShort Foot Exercise Affects Lower Extremity Function Drewes LK, Beazell J, Mullins M, Hertel J: Healthsouth Physical Therapy, Exercise and Sport Injury Laboratory, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA. Context: Short foot exercise training is used in physical therapy and athletic training clinics to treat patients for a variety of lower extremity alignment and function problems, although there is not known evidence to suggest it is effective. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the short foot exercise on lower extremity function and alignment. Design: Case series. Setting: Physical therapy clinic. Patients or Other Participants: Fifteen subjects (8 males and 7 females, average age 30Б10.0 years, average height 173Б8.6 cm, average mass of 77Б12.3 kg) volunteered for the study. All subjects were patients in physical therapy and were prescribed the short foot exercise as a part of their treatment for a lower extremity injury. Interventions: Measurements of alignment and function were taken at baseline, two-week and four-week follow ups. Measurements included leg length, standing Q-angle, standing rearfoot angle, navicular drop, evaluation on the step-down test, intrinsic foot muscle test and completion of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). Subjects were taught the short foot exercise after baseline measurements and asked to complete 100 repetitions of the short foot exercise every day during the course of the study. Main Outcome Measures: Dependent variables were leg length (cm), standing Q-angle (degrees), standing rearfoot angle (degrees), navicular drop (mm), score on the step down test (6-point scale), a grade (poor, fair, good) on the intrinsic foot muscle test and a score on the LEFS questionnaire. A 1x3 repeated measures ANOVA was performed with time at three levels (baseline, two-week, four-week), the alpha-level was set at .05. Results: Analysis of the within-subjects effects indicated a statistically significant difference in the step-down test score over the four week study period (P<.001). A follow-up of pairwise comparisons indicated a significant difference between baseline and two-weeks (P<.001) and baseline and four-weeks (P<.001). There was not a significant difference in step-down test scores between two-week and four-week measurements (P=.18). There was a significant difference in the intrinsic foot muscle grades over the four week period (P<.001). Pairwise comparisons indicated a significant difference between baseline and two-weeks (P=.004) and baseline and four-weeks (P<.001) for the intrinsic foot muscle test. There was not a significant difference in intrinsic foot muscle test between two-week and four-week measurements (P=.38).Results indicated a significant difference in the LEFS score over the four weeks (P=.03). A follow-up of pairwise comparisons indicated the only significant difference was between the two-week and four-week LEFS score (P=.006) and no statistical significance between baseline and two-weeks (P=.60) and baseline and four weeks (P=.09). There were no significant differences for the alignment measurements, all P’s>.05. Conclusions: Functional changes and perceived level of function are evident in patients who perform the short foot exercise while undergoing a four-week treatment for a lower extremity. Word count: 458 569BDZbdЈОдежнор / 7 ? 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